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SEND advice and guidance

CVI with complex needs


There are a range of characteristics often present in children and young people with CVI and complex needs.

Colour preference

Many with CVI have a colour preference, frequently red or yellow. Use a CYP’s preference  to encourage looking before introducing more colours and patterns.

Need for movement 

Children and young people with CVI may be motivated to look with movement or reflective properties of objects. The need for movement may reduce.

Delayed response to looking at objects (visual latency)

Those with CVI often need time to make a visual response and to interpret what they see. The time to respond will reduce as visual targets become familiar.

Visual field preference 

Children and young people with CVI often show a visual field preference, for example within the left or right field, or use of peripheral vision.

Difficulty with visual complexity 

Children and young people with CVI can use their vision where the environment is organised. For example, simple bold images with reduced visual clutter mounted on a plain background, reduced background noise.

Light gazing and non-purpose gaze 

Children and young people with CVI can be overly attentive to overhead lights to the detriment of purposeful visual attention. Take care in positioning the pupil and encourage them to look at appropriate targets.

Difficulty with visual distance

Those with CVI initially give attention to objects in their near vision. Over time, they may extend the distance of their visual interest.

Difficulty with new objects

Children and young people with CVI give visual attention to familiar objects. They may not initially look at new objects unless they share familiar attributes, for example colour and movement.

Absence of visually guided reach

Many with CVI find it difficult to look and reach at the same time. They may look, and look away before reaching.

For more information on CVI