Section 42 investigations and category of abuse

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For the years 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021:

* The number of safeguarding S42 investigations related to exploitation of adults who were exploited or abused by strangers (i.e. not staff of any organisation providing health or social care or family)

Data based on calendar year that a S42 enquiry was started and where the source of risk was recorded as Individual Unknown/Stranger. Section 42 Criteria met: Yes

Year Number of S42 Enquiries
2017 3
2018 46
2019 44
2020 62
2021 23
Total 178

* Where possible, could you please break down the category of abuse, demographic of the alleged victim and outcome

Split by Type of Abuse – these figures will be higher than individual cases as more than one type of abuse may occur per enquiry

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Total
 Domestic Abuse 0 1* 0 0 0 1
 Discriminatory Abuse 1 1 1 2 0 5
 Exploitation – County lines 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Exploitation – FGM 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Exploitation – Forced marriage 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Exploitation – Prevent /radicalisation 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Exploitation – So-called honour-based violence 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Exploitation – Sexual 1 5 8 10 3 27
 Financial or Material Abuse 1 27 24 31 11 94
 Institutional Abuse 0 0 0 0 0 0
 Modern Slavery 0 2 3 1 0 6
 Neglect and Acts of Omission 1 5 1 5 1 13
 Organisational Abuse 0 2 1 3 0 6
 Physical Abuse 0 6 11 20 6 43
 Psychological Abuse 1 13 18 32 8 72
 Sexual Abuse 0 8 11 11 6 36
 Self-Neglect 1 4 12 16 9 42

*Domestic Abuse –  the person causing harm is not known

Split By Gender

Female Male Total
2017 2 1 3
2018 25 21 46
2019 23 21 44
2020 27 35 62
2021 12 11 23
Total 89 89 178

Split By Age Band

18-64 65+ Total
2017 3 3
2018 25 21 46
2019 33 11 44
2020 45 17 62
2021 19 4 23
Total 125 53 178

Split by Ethnicity

Asian – Other Asian Information Not Yet Obtained/Not known Mixed – Other Mixed – White/Black Carib Other Ethnic Group White – Other White British White Irish
2017 3
2018 6 * 38 *
2019 * 8 * * 33
2020 11 * * * 48
2021 5 * 17
Total * 30 * * * * 139 *

The use of the * symbol means that we hold the information but believe that disclosure may identify individuals, breach their rights under Data Protection law and therefore the information is exempt under the Freedom of Information Act Section 40(2) personal data.

Split by Outcome

2017 2028 2019 2020 2021 Total
Enquiry ceased at individual’s request – no action 2 4 1 1 10
No risk identified and action taken 2 2 4
No risk identified and no action taken 1 1
Risk assessment inconclusive and action taken 4 4 7 1 16
Risk assessment inconclusive and no action taken 1 1 1 3
Risk identified and action taken 2 37 33 53 17 142
No Outcome – Enquiry still open/being worked on 2 2
Total 3 46 44 62 23 178