Historic Landscape Characterisation descriptions

HLC descriptions - Types relating to agricultural enclosures

Strip fields

A rare surviving example of the unenclosed strips of a medieval open field or outfield

Medieval strip-enclosures

These narrow, curving strip-enclosures derive from the enclosure of open-field strips with hedge-banks during the later middle ages

Medieval enclosures based on strip fields

This area was probably first enclosed with hedge-banks during the later middle ages. The curving form of the hedge-banks suggests that earlier it may have been farmed as open strip-fields

Medieval enclosures

Fields probably first enclosed with hedge-banks during the middle ages

Old watermeadow

This area may have been managed as valley-bottom watermeadows in the late medieval and/or post-medieval periods

Watermeadow

This area was probably watermeadows in the late medieval and/or post-medieval periods, and has changed little in the C20th

Barton fields

These relatively large, regular enclosures seem likely to have been laid out between C15th-C18th. Some curving boundaries may be following earlier divisions in the pre-existing medieval fields. In Cornwall these are sometimes called Barton fields

Post-medieval strip-enclosures

Unusual long narrow enclosures, probably of the post-medieval period, whose boundaries follow divisions in the earlier medieval open field

Post-medieval enclosures with medieval elements

These enclosures are probably based on medieval fields, but the many straight field boundaries suggest they were substantially re-organised in the post-medieval period

Post-medieval enclosures

Enclosures of post-medieval date. Fields laid out in the C18th and C19th commonly have many surveyed dead-straight field boundaries

Post-medieval enclosures from rough ground

These post-medieval enclosures have probably been created out of earlier rough grazing ground, heathland or moorland

Post-medieval watermeadow

A distinctive post-medieval type of watermeadow incorporating a system of leats and channels. These were common in C19th Devon, particularly around Exmoor, in the Exe Valley, and in the South Hams

Orchard

Orchards planted with fruit trees

Former orchards

This area was once an orchard planted with fruit trees, but these have been lost in the C20th

Modern enclosures

These modern enclosures have replaced a different type of earlier landuse

Modern enclosures adapting medieval fields

These modern fields have been created out of probable medieval enclosures. The sinuous medieval boundaries survive in places

Modern enclosures adapting post-medieval fields

Modern enclosures that have been created by adapting earlier fields of probable post-medieval date

Modern enclosures from rough ground

These modern enclosures have been created out of earlier rough grazing ground, heathland or moorland in the C20th

Modern enclosures replacing industrial

These modern enclosures replace an earlier historic industrial complex. Earthworks or other remains may be visible

Modern enclosures replacing parkland

These modern enclosures replace an earlier area of historic parkland, elements of which may be retained within them

Modern enclosures replacing postmed watermeadow

Modern enclosures have replaced post-medieval watermeadows here. These were once common in Devon but are now very rarely used

Modern enclosures replacing woodland

Modern enclosures have replaced earlier woodland here

Modern enclosures replacing medieval watermeadow

Modern enclosures have probably replaced medieval watermeadows on the valley bottom

Horticulture

Market gardening, glasshouses, allotments or nurseries

Uncertain

The character of this area has changed significantly in the C20th, and its earlier character is presently uncertain